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Documenting Assets And Down Payment
When trying to secure a loan
for financing your dream home you are going to have to come up with the money
for the down payment. This, we all
know.
While this can be hard
enough in and of itself, you are also going to need to come up with some
assurance that you are going to be able to pay for that loan over the next, 10,
15, 30 years. This is the tricky part.
There is one exception
however; this is no asset verification loan.
These are very hard to come by and are often reserved for special
customers, or customers with special circumstances. So, unless you are special, you are going to need to prove that
you have the assets to back up your mortgage.
The process of documenting
your assets also goes beyond simply paying for your down payment. Your lender
will want to know is you have additional funds beyond that (or reserve funds)
that you can draw upon if you hit a rough patch in your financial life.
For instance, extra assets
will help you if hold on to your mortgage if:
You are going through a
divorce
A death in the family
Unemployment
Medical emergency
Trouble with the law
Additional assets will also
help you borrow more money in future to do things like home renovations and
additions to your home.
Naturally this is all easier
said that done, so your first step is to determine where exactly you stand
financially to see where you will need to make improvements.
When you begin to assess
your assets make sure that you keep detailed records of all funds that you use
for your down payment, as you don’t want there to be any confusion in the
future.
Bank Accounts
This
will be your first step in documenting your assets for your down payment. The quickest and easiest way to do this is
to give your lender recent copies of your most recent bank statements. In most cases lenders will ask for at least
two months worth of bank statements for all of your accounts. It is best if you provide three.
This
includes:
Checking accounts
Savings accounts
Money market accounts
In
some instances your potential lender will send a verification of deposits to
your bank in order to confirm the legitimacy of your bank statements, but this
is rare and only used in cases where you loan is in jeopardy.
If
the money that you are using for your down payment has been in your bank
account for the entire two months you are in good shape. These are known as seasoned funds and they
are rock solid.
If
you have any large deposits your lender may ask you where they came from to
determine whether you padded your bank account just before the lender looked at
your statement. So don’t try and add to
the appearance of your bank account by borrowing from your credit cards. We’ll come to that later.
Stocks and Bonds
If
you have stocks or bonds, you undoubtedly get statements from your brokerage
house. These also have to be provided
to your lender. Again they should date
back to the previous two months, and should have no unusual purchases or sales.
Some
people, and this is rare, have actually physical stock certificates instead of
brokerage statements. If this is the case you will have to provide photocopies
of the certificates, with proof that you have owned the stock for some
time. If your down payment comes from
these stocks then be sure to document everything in detail.
Gifts
In
many cases (especially for first time home owners) a family member or a friend
will give them a gift to help them make the down payment. If this is the case, that person is required
to also provide what is called a gift letter.
This states that the money given is indeed a gift and that it does not
have to be paid back at a later date.
It must also state the amount of the gift and be accompanied by bank
statements detailing the ‘giver’ can indeed afford the gift.
You
should also make a copy of the check and keep a copy of the deposit receipt to
ensure that everything is well documented in case there are any future
discrepancies.
Retirement Funds and 401K’s
Most
people today have some sort of money put away for retirement. While people don’t often borrow against this
for their down payment, it is often used as proof of reserve assets. If this is the case you should provide
documentation detailing your savings.
This proves that you are a dedicated saver.
If
you do need to dip into your retirement to pay for the down payment be sure
that you keep a copy of all documentation.
This includes a photocopy of any check that is issued; and keep the
deposit statement proving that the money you withdrew ended up in your bank
account.
Again,
this is not a very good idea. Because
you pay into your retirement as part of a plan, they see this an expense. Although you are borrowing from yourself, it
is still money that you will have to make up at a later date. Plus, cashing out of a portion of your
retirement saving means that you will be paying tax on that money. Therefore this is another hit against you in
the eyes of the lender. Be very careful
before you do this. There are probably
better ways to get your money.
Employers
If
you have a benevolent boss, there is a chance that he or she will help you out
with your down payment. Obviously they feel that an employee will be loyal and
stable if they have a place to live while they are building a future with that
company. If this is in fact the case,
be sure to get full documentation to what extent you are being helped out.
In
most cases your employer will ask for the money back, but often at low interest
rate taken off of the pay check. So be
sure that you have all of the proper documentation stating what the terms of
the loan are.
Savings Bonds
Savings
bonds are better than cash. Not only
are they assets you can liquidate immediately, but also they show that you are
a proven saver. Make photocopies of the bonds for your lender as proof that
they exist. Also, if you cash the
bonds, keep the paperwork provided by the bank.
Property
This
can include just about anything you own that has any value. The most common forms of property are:
Automobiles
Vehicles
Boats
·
Furniture
Collections
Heirlooms
Antiques
Art
Clothing
Instruments
You
must estimate the value of these possessions.
It is very important to be honest in this appraisal, because the bank
knows how much these things are worth and they will look disparagingly at any
lying.
The
larger the value of any of these items the more detail you have to
provide. For instance, if you claim
that your guitar is worth $3,000, you should specify that it is a 1967 vintage
Fender Jaguar guitar.
You
do not have to estimate the value of your property unless you are planning on
borrowing money against them for your down payment, or if you plan on selling
them for the down payment. It always
helps to be conservative.
Selling Your Stuff
If
you do have to sell your possessions to make the down payment, you need to
provide proof of their market worth, receipts from the sale and documentation
that the money from this sale went into your bank account.
If
you cannot document the value of an item it might as well be worthless. This means don’t list items that may have
sentimental value of niche value to idiosyncratic customers.
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